Developing new urban public transport systems: An irrational decision-making process

The decision-making process for planning new urban public transport systems in the UK is examined by studying 11 new and planned systems. The objectives of building the systems relate to transport and development issues. A number of key factors are taken into account during the decision-making process: forecast demand, image, deregulation of buses, technological innovation, private sector involvement and the funding mechanism. The requirement for proven technology and the forecast demand for the systems reduces the choice to one of light rail or bus. The effects of bus deregulation, funding and image, essentially reduce that choice to light rail or nothing. Cost should be kept low, which suggests a bus based system, but current legislation favours more expensive light rail systems. The conclusion is that although transport planners make rational decisions within the current political framework, the framework, and therefore some of the decisions, are not rational.     

对多台电机共用一台“软起动器”起动模式的探讨

在一些使用较大功率鼠笼式异步电机的工作场合,当面临起动电源的容量不足以使这些电机直接起动时,用一台"软起动器"来实现多台电机限流起动,运用该方案,既可大幅降低起动电源的设计容量又使起动设备得以简化,不仅可减少设备投资,而且又能实现电机的无冲击软起动,达到双优之功效。     

基于IGBT的PWM大功率直流伺服驱动

本文介绍ＩＧＢＴ、ＥＸＢ８４１和ＬＥＭ模块在大功率ＰＷＭ直流伺服驱动系统中的应用和系统抗干扰设计。使用效果表明，基于ＩＧＢＴ的设计，可提高大功率直流伺服系统的可靠性和性能、减小体积、降低成本。     

基于CPCI总线的动态可重构系统

本文提出了一种基于CPCI总线和可编程片上系统的动态可重构系统平台，深入研究了软硬件动态可重构设计思想，开发了基于CPCI总线的软硬件动态可重构系统原理样机，指出了动态可重构目标系统的良好应用前景。     

基于Windows NT平台下PCI总线DMA传输方法的实现

以AMCCS5 933控制芯片为例说明在WindowsNT平台下实现DMA方式传输的驱动程序的开发技术 ,采用对分发例程的设计控制DMA的读写 ,用一种灵活的方法和全新的技术实现DMA传输数据的方式 ,打破了对ReadFile和WriteFile实现DMA的常规方法 ,使程序更加易懂和易于实现 ,并且更加灵活控制读写操作     

自动化新技术的进展与现状

自动化技术是多学科技术包括微电子技术、计算机技术、通信网络技术与自动控制技术的交叉。工业自动化技术不仅适用工业领域的各种控制系统，而且也适用于其他行业的应用。因此，论述工业自动化的各种高新技术具有普遍重要的意义。21世纪初期的控制系统必须是灵活的、敏捷的、基于需求的、嵌入式控制的流动制造加工系统。     

The differences in the economic effects between the DB plan and the DC plan

This paper investigates the differences between the defined benefit plans (DB) and the defined contribution plans (DC) in the enterprise pension programs in Japan. Attention is paid not only to the effect of labor turnover but also to the difference in various categories of workers, which are classified by gender, education, timing of labor turnover, etc. Also, we take into consideration the effect of interest rates. One important conclusion of this paper is that the DC plan is superior to the DB plan, in contrast to the common belief. J. Japanese Int. Economies 18 (4) (2004) 551–564.     

ISA总线扩展板的原理及抗干扰措施

本文在论及了总线主设备、从设备、总线操作周期等总线术语概念的基础上提出了当前最广泛流行的 ISA 总线延伸和扩展时的实际技术问题,给出了ISA 总线中输出、输入总线信号的实际延伸和扩展电路;详细论述了主机板CPU 和 DMA 控制器以及 I/O 插接板上 CPU 和 DMA 控制器等主设备分别占有 ISA 总线信号时的时序,总线信号方向控制的实际电路;最后叙述了延伸总线信号时的抗干扰措施。     

基于CAN总线的校园餐厅消费系统设计

利用CAN总线技术、射频卡技术实现了基于CAN总线的校园餐厅消费系统。采用CAN控制芯片MCP2510作为主控芯片,通过硬件平台搭建和软件设计,将各个CAN节点通过CAN网络连接在一起,实现了简单易用的基于CAN总线的校园餐厅消费系统。     

城市公交线路沿线停靠站点布局与优化

普通公交站点主要是为了集中和分散客流,对于提高服务水平和交通便利在整个交通系统中起着不可或缺的重要作用。